The influence of temperature, electrolyte composition and additive concentrations on physical proper

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Dipl.-Ing. Vrauke Heinze, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael Stelter

During copper electrorefining fluctuations in concentrations of the main components copper, nickel and arsenic arise as well as variations in the sulfuric acid concentration. Especially during the time intervals of cathode and anode changes decreases in temperature may be observed. These parameters directly influence the physical and chemical properties of copper electrolytes. For instance a decrease in temperature leading to a decrease in electrical conductivity will immediately contribute to an inferior current efficiency thus increasing the production costs per ton of copper. The present investigation is aimed to complete existing data of the most important parameters of copper electrolytes containing various amounts of copper, nickel, arsenic and sulfuric acid. The relatively wide ranges of component concentrations were chosen in dependence on typical technical values. Further tests focus on the occurrence of interaction of the parameters and effects of different additives. This work presents experimental data of electrical conductivity, density and dynamic viscosity obtained for the quaternary aqueous system CuSO4 – H2SO4 – NiSO4 – As2O3 at temperatures in the range of 20 to 80 °C.

The influence of temperature, electrolyte composition and additive concentrations on physical properties of copper electrolytes

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